Dandy-Walker Malformation with Neonatal Meningitis: A Case Report.

Dandy-Walker syndrome is a rare congenital central nervous system malformation. Dandy-Walker variant is characterised by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia, cystic fourth ventricular dilatation, and normal posterior fossa volume. Various prenatal tests such as ultrasound, fetal magnetic resonance imaging, and amniocentesis can help diagnose Dandy-Walker syndrome. Here, we report a case of the Dandy-Walker variant with meningitis in a neonate admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit due to multiple petechiae on the anterior abdominal wall, accompanied by peripheral cyanosis at the time of birth. Although maximum cases are diagnosed prenatally, some cases might be missed due to inadequate antenatal examination. Magnetic imaging resonance of the brain is best for the diagnosis of Dandy-Walker syndrome postnatally. Keywords: case reports; Dandy-Walker malformation, magnetic resonance imaging, meningitis.

Chronic Liver Disease among Patients Admitted in the Department of Internal Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Chronic liver disease with cirrhosis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality not only in developed but also in developing countries. Many patients already develop complications before hospital admission and require intensive medical care during hospital treatment. The main objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of the chronic liver disease among patients admitted in the Department of Internal Medicine of a tertiary care centre. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine of a tertiary care centre from 1 January 2022 to 31 March 2022. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Board (Reference number: 2211202105). The patient admitted in the Department during the study period was included and those who do not gave consent were excluded. Convenience sampling method was used. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results: Out of 447 patients, the prevalence of chronic liver disease was 93 (20.8%) (17.04-24.56, 95% Confidence Interval). The mean age of the patients was 49.69±10.94 years and among them, males were 64 (68.82%). Conclusions: The prevalence of the chronic liver disease among patients admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine of a tertiary care centre was lower than in other studies conducted in similar settings. Keywords: alcoholic liver diseases; liver diseases; prevalence.

First Two Years of Medical School: An Experience.

The journey of medical school is a roller coaster ride and learning how to survive is going to take much effort. Being consistent and having a reason that pushes you every moment, support from friends and family, and guidance from seniors can ease this pathway. Though it can be hypothetical to say that these measures would help comfortably sail through the medical journey, experiences and learnings gained at a similar cost of effort are undeniable and they can certainly make a difference. Perseverance, determination and motivation are essential to keep the flame burning. Keywords: learning; medical students; medical school.